Planoottaph co



O. MALCHER.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man MAR.25.I914.

1,318,396. Patented Oct. 14,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0.. WASHINGTON, n. c.

O..MALCHER.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED MAR.25. 1914.

1,318,396. Patented Oct. 14 1919.

I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. E! l Ill 1/4 1} W F x 5?? (m MZjZ/Mifi/W M ammmvw acnumnm PLANOGRIAPH co., wAsnmu'roN. out.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIo or'ro MALCI-IER, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,ASSIGNOR To MAIiCI-IER ADDING MACHINE COMPANY, or ornoaeo, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 14, 1919.

Application filed March 25,1914. Serial No. 827,049.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, OTTO MALOHER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Ill1no1s, haveinvented certain new and usescribed and illustrated in my applicationSerial No. 825,782, filed March 19, 1914.

This totalizer is designed to embody an improved carrying mechanism ofthe delayed type, which is positively driven after the completion of acalculation, and wherein. the number-bearing members or wheels of thetotalizer are constantly trued. It is also desired to reduce the numberof parts embodied in the totalizer, thereby producing a simple, positiveand inexpensive totalizer. With the above and other objects in view, aswill be apparent, this invention consists in the construction,combination and ar rangement of parts all as hereinafter more fullydescribed, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, WhereinFigure 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a calculating machineillustrating in detail the totalizer forming the subject-matter of thepresent invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken along the line 22 of Fig.1, andillustrates the cooperation and arrangement between the elements of thetotalizer, particularly the carrying mechanism and the arms of theautomatic clearing mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of one of the yokes which cooperate witheach denominational order of the totalizer controlling the carryingmechanisms; 1

Fig. 4: is a longitudinal section taken along the line 14 of Fig. 1, andillustrates the drive of the carrying mechanisms;

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section taken along the line 55 of Fig. 1 toillustrate the details of construction of the totalizer, I

particularly the means for imparting the varied movement to thenumber-bearing members thereof and the transfer or carrying mechanismsand the operation thereof.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the operating dogsfor imparting motion to the driving mechanism.

The 'totalizer forming the subject-matter of the present inventioncomprises a plurality of number-bearing members or numeral wheels,whichare rotatable by a plurality of reciprocal racks in either direction.The present invention provides two posi tively driven carrying shafts,operable in reverse directions, which carry sliding carrying gears, eachshaft carrying one gear for each denominational order of the nu- Thesecarrying gears are meral wheels. 7 operable only when the calculationupon the numeral wheels has been completed, which calculation sets thecarrying gears for operation. Two sets of carrying gearsare provided forone totalizer, one of which cotion of rotation thereof, so that when thetotalizer is operating subtractingly, one set .of carrying gears willcooperate therewith,

and when it is operating addingly the other set of carrying gears willcooperate therewith, the rotation of the carrying gearspbeing regulatedto correspond with the rotation of the totalizer, dependent upon thecalculation: performed.

eferring more particularly to the drawing, 10 indicates a totalizershaft mounted inthe frame or casing of the machine, indicated generallyas 11. Loosely mounted upon this totaliz'er shaft are a plurality ofunits, one unit for each denominational or decimal order. Each unitcomprises a numeral wheel 12, a star wheel 13, a driving gear 14 and aten-toothed gear 15, by means of which the carrying is accomplished.These elements, to-wit, the numeral wheel 12, the star wheel 13, thedrive gear 14: and the ten-toothed gear 15, are secured together andloosely mounted upon the shaft 10 for simultaneous rotation thereon.Keyed to the totalizer shaft 10 adjacent to each nuoperates with saidtotalizer for either direcrack will rotate this gear 17, therebyrotating the drive gear 14, the star wheel 13, the numeral wheel 12 andthe ten-toothed gear 15. Thus it will be seen that the movement of theracks, which is designed to impart a variable movement to thenumber-bearing members, directly and positively operates the totalizerunits.

In the machine with which the totalizer forming the subject-matter ofthe present invention is arranged to cooperate, a primary drive shaft 19is provided, which is arranged to rotate a quarter of a revolution inthe direction of the arrow X in Fig. 4, at each calculation of themachine. A collar or sleeve 20 is loosely mounted upon this primarydrive shaft and carries at its inner terminal a large gear 21, which isarranged to mesh with and drive a gear 22 mounted upon and keyed to thesecondary drive shaft 23, which rests in the same horizontal plane asthe primary drive shaft 19. By the provision of the pawls 2e and 2e,Figs. 1 and 6, the primary drive shaft 19 is rotated a quarter of arevolution in the direction of the arrow X in Fig. 1, and at thecompletion of that movement the operating crank or handle 25 isreleased, which causes the sleeve 20 to take a quarter of a revolutionin the reverse direction to the arrow X, Fig. 41. The operation of theparts 19 and 20 is produced by the pawls 24: and 2% carried by theprojection 25 on the crank 25. The pawls 2t and 2st cooperate withratchet wheels 19 and 20 connected with shaft 19 and sleeve 20respectively. As the secondary drive shaft 23 is geared to the sleeve 20at a ratio of 4 to 1, it will be rotated a complete revolution. Thesecondary drive shaft- 23 operates the printing mechanism and restoresthe various operating parts of the machine not forming a part of thisinvention. It is during the forward quarter cycle movement of theprimary drive shaft 19 that the racks 18 are released to reciprocateforwardly to rotate the drive gears 1% through the medium of the movablegears 17, thus registering a number or item upon the totalizer.

In the totalizer forming the subject-matter of the present invention,the carrying operation is accomplished after the completion of themovement of the primary drive shaft 19 and during the operation of thesecondary drive shaft 23, the carrying gears, however, being set duringthe movement of the primary drive shaft 19; that is to say, during thecalculation.

Upon each side of the totalizer shaft 10 and arranged parallel theretoand in the same horizontal plane, are the carrying shafts 26 and 27. Thecarrying shaft 26 has a gear 28 keyed thereto which meshes with thelarge gear 21 carried by the sleeve 20 mounted upon the primary driveshaft 19.

This rotates the shaft 26 in the same direc tion as the primary driveshaft 19 and in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation ofthe gear 21. The carrying shaft- 27 has a gear 29 keyed thereto, whichmeshes with a wide gear 30 loosely mounted upon the automatic clearingshaft 31. One side of this wide gear 39 meshes with the gear 29, whilethe opposite side thereof meshes with the gear 21. By this arrangement,the carrying shaft 27 rotates in the same direction as the primary driveshaft 19 and in the opposite direction to the sleeve 20 and the largegear 21 carried thereby, and also in a direction opposite to that of thecarrying shaft 26.

The carrying shaft 26 is arranged to cooperate with the totalizer whensaid totalizer is operating subtractingly, while the carrying shaft 27is adapted to cooperate with the totalizer when said totalizer isoperating addingly. Mounted on each carry ing shaft 26, 27 and keyedthereto for reciprocation are a series of one-toothed gears 82, whichare staggeredly arranged upon their cooperating shaft so that said gearswill cooperate with the units of the totalizer successively. One side ofeach gear is operated upon by a spring 33, which is interposed betweenthe rack 18 of the co operating totalizer unit and the body of the gear,and encircles its carrying shaft. The action of this spring is such thatif the cooperating carrying gear were not held from movement, as will behereinafter apparent, the spring would force the carrying gear towardthe opposite rack 18 to that against which the spring bears along theshaft until said carrying gear was alined with, the ten toothed gear 15of the cooperating totalizer unit. It is apparent that as the shafts 26and 27 are positively driven from the source of power after thecalculation, all of the carrying gears 32 alined with their cooperatingten-toothed gears 15 will impart a step of rotation to the ten-toothedgears 15, thereby inserting 1 upon the units of the totalizer with whichthey cooperate.

The opposite surface of each carrying gear 32 is provided with aprojection and collar 35, which are formed integral zherewith orotherwise secured. The collar 05 is provided with a cazn surface 36,which, as will be seen from Fig. 5, is arranged in close proximity tothe tooth of the cooper-at ing gear and is arranged to follow saidtooth. This cam surface is provided for returning the gear 32 to itsinoperative and normal positi-n'i, and its arrangement with respect tothe teeth of its cooperating is such that the return of the gear occursimmediately after the meshing of the tooth thereof with the cooperatingten-toothed gear 15. The ten-toothed gear 15 of each unit of thetotaliiier is provided with a pin 37, projecting therefrom at a positionequivalent to the position of the digit 9 on the cooperating numeralwheel 12 when said digit 9 is at or adjacent to the reading line.Loosely mounted upon the primary drive shaft 19 and under each unit ofthe totalizer,

is a yoke 38, which carries two fingers 39 extending vertically in theplane of the yoke, and an offset finger 40. A spring 11 is connected tothe under side of each yoke 38 and to a stationary part 12 of themachine, said spring acting upon said yoke to hold the same in anormally vertical position. The offset arm 10 of each yoke cooperateswith the pin 37 of one unit of the totalizer, while the fingers 39, 39thereof cooperate with the carrying gears 32 of the unit of thetotalizer of the next higher order, as

illustrated in Figs. 2 and 5, said fingers 39,

39 bearing against and engaging the projections 34cof saidcarryinggears. That is to say, if the finger 10 is engaged by the pin 37of the ten-toothed gear '15 of the unit of the totalizer correspondingto the units denominational order, the finger-s39, 39 thereof willcooperate with the carrying gears 32 of the unit of the totalizer representing the tens denominational order, so that when the gear 15 of theunits denominational order contacts with the arm the spring 41, one orthe other of the fingers 39 will release its cooperating carrying gear32 of the tens denominational order to aline the same with theten-toothed gear 15 of said tens denominational order; and hence, whenthe carrying shafts are rotated after the completion of the calculation,one digit will be inserted on or subtracted from the tens numeral wheelby the meshing of the carrying gear 32 with the ten-toothed gear 15,dependent upon the calculation and d1- rection of rotation of thenumeral wheels.

The rotation of the'numeral wheeland its cooperatlng elements, includingthe tentoothed gear '15 carrying the pin 37, will cause said pin 37 tocontact with one side or the other of the finger a0 of the cooperatingyoke 38. If the pin 37 cooperates with one side of the offset finger 40,one of the gears 32 uponone of the carrying shafts accomnlished tocorrespond to the .direction of rotation of the totalizer.

Immediately after the tooth of each carrying gear32 meshes with itscooperating tentoothed gear 15,the cam surface 36 thereof will contactwith the adjacent terminal. of

the bracket 16 of the next adjacent unit of they are returned to'theirnormal and in active positions successively, immediately after theinsertion of theextra digit.

The automatic clearing shaft 31 has a plurality of dogs 42 looselymounted thereon, the terminals of which are arranged to enter betweenthe teeth of the star wheels 13 to constantly keep each unit of thetotalizer trued and to take up such lost motion as I may occur in thetotaliz'er. The outer ends of the dogs 4L2 are acted upon by the springs43, which extend and are secured to the collars 1 1 loosely mounted uponthe secondary drive shaft 23. s

The automatic clearing shaft 31 also carries a plurality of clearingarms 15, which at their terminals are provided with the teeth 16 forengagement with the pins 37 of the alined ten-toothed gears 15. Thesearms are keyed to the shaft .31, and when said shaft is oscillated arearranged to have their teeth 46 projected into the paths of movementofthe pins referred to. The shaft 31 is provided at its terminal with thedependent arm 47, which is pivoted to the slide 48. This slide isoperated by the auto clear key 4:9. When theslide 4-8 is reciprocated,

the shaft 31 is oscillated, bringing the teeth 46 of the arms 45 intothe paths of movement of the pins 37. i If the totalizer is operatedaddingly, the clearing thereof is accomplished by reversing itsdirection of rotation, which causes the totalizer to operatesubtractingly.- Thus, when the shaft 31 is oscillated to locate the arms15 as described,

the pins 37 contact with the teeth 46 to limit the rotation of thenumeral wheels 12 and exhibit a series of zeros at the sight line. Ifthe totalizer is operating subtractingly, no. change is made in thedirection of rotation thereof, the shaft 31 being'merely oscill-ated toposition the arms.

In this totalizer, the numbers to be registered are first set up on thekeyboard (not shown),jwhich actsas a stop for the racks 18, whichoperate the totalizer. The crank 25 is then pulled forwardly, which.imparts a quarter of a cycle rotation to the primary drive shaft 19.Previous to pulling the crank 25, however, the shaft 50 is set tooperate the mechanism 51 to determine the character of the calculation.The mechanism for setting the totalizer for adding and subtracting isnot a part 'of the present inven-' tion and it is suflicient to say thatit shifts the shaft 10 to bring the totalizer into operative relationwith the upper or lower teeth of the racks 18 during the movement ofthese rac (s, the upper teeth operating the totalizer in one directionand the lower teeth in the other. During the first portion of movementof the primary drive shaft 19, the totalizer shaft 10 through the mediumof the mechanism 51, is oscillated to bring the gears 17 carried by thebracket. 16 into mesh with one side or the other of the cooperatingracks 18, which determines the direction of rotation of the totalizer.

The crank is then released and is returned to its normal, inactiveposition, under the influence of the spring 52, which causes the gear 21to rotate, imparting such rotation to the secondary drive shaft 23 andto the carrying shafts 26, 27, both of which are positively rotated inopposite directions. If during the calculation it is necessary toperform any carrying, the yokes 38 are oscillated through the medium ofthe offset fingers 4L0 cooperating with the pins 37 of the ten-toothedgears 15, which sets the proper carrying gears 32, dependent, of course,upon the direction of rotation of the units of the totalizer.Consequently, when the carrying shafts 26 and 27 are positively rotatedfrom the gear 21, all of the carrying gears 32 carried thereby will berotated, and those which are set to cooperate with the tentoothed gears15 will mesh with said tentoothed gears 15, inserting one digit on thenumeral wheels rotating with such tentoothed gears 15, and are instantlyreturned to their normal and inactive positions for engagement with thecooperating fingers 39 by the cam surfaces 36 thereof, contacting withthe adjacent terminals of the brackets 16.

l/Vhat is claimed is:

1. In a totalizer, the combination with a plurality of numeral wheels,of a plurality of separately mounted sets of carrying mech anisms tocooperate therewith, and means for causing the carrying mechanisms ofsaid sets to cooperate alternatively with said numeral wheels.

2. The combination with a series of coaXial numeral wheels, of aplurality of separately mounted carrying mechanisms cooperatingtherewith, and means for selectively operating either of said carryingmecha nisms to successively carry from. one numeral wheel to anotherafter the completion of a calculation.

3. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, of twocarrying shafts operating in opposite directions, and carrying gearsarranged on each of said shafts for cooperation with the numeral wheels.

4. The combination with a plurality of re versible numeral wheels, ofmeans for operating said numeral wheels in either direction, twocarrying shafts, means for rotating said carrying shafts in oppositedirections and means governed by the rotation of said numeral wheels forcontrolling the connection between said carrying shafts and numeralwheels.

5. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, ofmeans for operating said numeral wheels in either direc tion, a pair ofcarrying shafts, means for operating said carrying shafts in oppositedirections so that each of said'shafts corresponds to one of thedirections of rotation of the numeral wheels, and means for connectingsaid numeral wheels with one of said shafts for one direction ofrotation of said wheels and with the other of said shafts for the otherdirection of rotation of said wheels.

6. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, of apair of op positely driven carrying shafts, carrying gears mounted forreciprocation thereon, means for setting the gears of one shaft tocooperate with the numeral wheels for one direction of rotation of saidwheels and for setting the gears of another shaft for cooperation withsaid numeral wheels for the other direction of rotation of said wheels.

7. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, of apair of car rying shafts, means for operating said carrying shafts inopposite directions, movable carrying gears mounted on each shaft, meansfor setting the gears of one or the other of the shafts to cooperatewith the numeral wheels to correspond to the direction of rotationthereof and subsequent to the calculation, and means controlled by therotation of said muneral wheels for reciprocating said gears on saidshaft to connect the said gears with said numeral wheels.

8. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, of apair of carrying shafts cooperating therewith and operable in reversedirections, a set of carrying gears mounted on each shaft, and means cooperating with each numeral wheel. whereby one or the other set ofcarrying gears may cooperate with the numeral wheels.

9. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, of aseparately mounted individual carrying mechanism for each direction ofrotation of the numeral wheels, and means for operating said carryingmechanisms.

10. The combination with a plurality of reversible numeral wheels, ofmeans for operating said numeral wheels, two oppositely rotated carryingshafts, means for operating said shafts subsequently to the operation ofthe numeral wheels, and carrying gears mounted on said carrying shafts,

11. The combination with a plurality of co-axial numeral wheels, of agear arranged axial carrying gears, one gearfor each numeral wheel, saidgears having a common drive separate from the operating mecha nism ofsaid numeral wheels and upon which the gears are mounted forreciprocation, and means controlled by the gear of one numeral wheel forsetting the carrying gear aforesaid for registering with the gear of thenumeral wheel of the next higher denominational order.

12. The combination with a plurality of co-axial numeral wheels, of agear cooperating with each numeral wheel and arranged to rotatetherewith, a series of coaxial reciprocable carrying gears, one for eachnumeral wheel, a common drive shaft for said carrying gears on whichsaid gears are mounted, means for retaining the carrying gears in theirinoperative position, and means operable from the gear of each numeralwheel to set the carrying gear for cooperation with the gear of thenumeral wheel of the neXt hlgher denominational order.

13. In a totalizer, a plurality of numeral Wheels, two sets ofoppositely rotating carrying devices for said numeral wheels, andmechanism operating according to the direction of rotation of saidnumeral wheels for bringing the carrying devices of one or the other ofsaid sets into operative relation with said numeral wheels.

14. In a totalizer, a plurality of co-axial numeral wheels, a pair ofoppositely rotating carrying shafts for said wheels, carrying gears onsaid shafts, and mechanism for antomatically causing the gears of oneshaft 7 to cooperate with said numeral wheels when said numeral wheelsare rotated in one direction and the gears of the other of said shaftsto cooperate with said numeral wheels when said wheels are rotated inthe opposite direction.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 23rd day of March, A. D.1914.

OTTO MALCHER.

Witnesses:

CHARLES S. WILSON, ALLENA OFFUTT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

